摘    要

五十多年前，一座雕塑作品《艰苦岁月》让中国人记住了一个人的名字——潘鹤。在新中国伊始，百废待兴，文艺领域也迎来了“百花齐放，百家争鸣”的时期，艺术创作透露出清新的空气。在美术界，尤其是雕塑方面，由于旧中国乏善可陈的局面，使得雕塑艺术更加期待着变革。潘鹤的横空出世，使国人眼前一亮。从此，潘鹤的名字便与新中国雕塑艺术的发展历程密切联系在一起。

潘鹤是位极具传奇色彩的艺术家，他对自己的艺术充满自信。心胸坦荡，大气磅礴，他以切身经历为源泉，用真挚的情感创作了大批雕塑作品，这些作品多以独特的视角记录了时代的变迁，表现了艺术家本人对于社会人生的思考及情感。他特殊的人生经历和广博的知识结构是他艺术创作的营养之源，嫉恶如仇的真性情让他的艺术有了不朽的力量。他一直追求的是艺术要达到的地方，而不是艺术已经在的地方。他所坚持的“水涨船高与水落石出”、“真即是美、美即是真”等艺术主张深刻地影响着后来者。同时，他对于人品与艺品“自我完善”的追求，成就了他艺术与人生“真善美”的统一。

本文试图以潘鹤的艺术人生经历为线索，来研究与探讨他的艺术成功之道，并以此为切入点，针对目前高等美术教育中存在的问题，揭示其启示意义。本文共分四章。第一章首先从潘鹤的艺术人生经历展开，按不同时期的代表作品划分为四个时期，选取其种几个关键节点，简要地勾画出他的人生轮廓。第二、三章分别探讨了潘鹤的艺术主张与艺术特色，以及潘鹤独特的艺术人生与优化的知识结构对其艺术风格的影响。最后一章是全文的重点，思考潘鹤的艺术成长经历与自我教育对于我们当下艺术教育的启示。最终得出结论：教育应该教的是放之任何历史社会之中都有存在价值的精神以及判断思维，这才是以人为本的教育，美术教育也要以此为己任。

关键词：潘鹤   雕塑   艺术经历  真挚情感  美术教育 

Abstract

Fifty years ago, a sculpture works "hard times" for Chinese people to remember a name-PanHe. In the beginning, BaiFeiJuXing, China art field also drew "let flowers blossom and schools of thought contend" period, and art creation longing for the pure and fresh air. In the fine arts, especially sculpture, because the old China on the situation, making sculpture art more looking forward to change. The PanHe d-will, make people shine at the moment. From then on, PanHe then and has been wedded sculpture art.

PanHe is a highly legend and character artists, for his art confident, the mind is magnanimous, spacious. In his experiences as the source, with sincere affection created a large number of sculpture, these works are unique vision records the time changes, express the artists themselves for social life thinking and feeling. His special life experience and extensive knowledge structure of the artistic creativity is the source of nutrition, JiERuQiu of true temperament let his art has great strength. He has been seeking to the art of reach, not art has in place. He that insist on "things and to come out," "truth is beauty, beauty is truth" and other art advocates a profound influence on the newcomers. At the same time, his personality and art for "self perfection" pursuit, the achievement of his art and life "true" unity.

This paper is to master the art of sculpture PanHe successful road of the study, in order to PanHe life experiences as a clue, to research and explore the art of his way to success, and based on this starting point, the education and the artistic success of the relationship between the necessity to do simple analysis, at the same time, according to the present problems in the fine arts education published the author himself some views. This paper is divided into four chapters, the first chapter PanHe teacher of art first from the life experiences on, its artistic career according to the representative works of all times into four periods, the selection of its several key nodes deep, simply lays out his life's outline. Chapter 2 and 3, respectively PanHe to discuss the art advocates and artistic characteristics, discusses the unique art life and the optimization of the structure of knowledge for its artistic influence. The final chapter is the full text of the key, thinking PanHe art development experience and self education for today's art education we the enlightenment.

Key words: PanHe ,sculpture, art experience, true feelings, art education